The Frozen Heart vulnerability in Girault’s proof of knowledge

Published

2022-04-14 11:00

Collected

2026-07-03 04:07

---
id: 1779
title: "The Frozen Heart vulnerability in Girault’s proof of knowledge"
source_domain: blog.trailofbits.com
source_url: "https://blog.trailofbits.com/2022/04/14/the-frozen-heart-vulnerability-in-giraults-proof-of-knowledge/"
published_at: "2022-04-14T11:00:32Z"
tags: ["cryptography", "vulnerability", "zero-knowledge-proofs", "fiat-shamir", "frozen-heart", "girault"]
phying_url: "https://phying.com/item/1779"
lang: en
---

# The Frozen Heart vulnerability in Girault’s proof of knowledge

## Summary

This Frozen Heart installment walks through exploiting the insecure Fiat-Shamir implementation in Girault's proof of knowledge, which proves discrete logarithms over composite moduli.

## Intelligence Metadata

- **Sources:** blog.trailofbits.com
- **Published:** 2022-04-14T11:00:32Z
- **Original:** https://blog.trailofbits.com/2022/04/14/the-frozen-heart-vulnerability-in-giraults-proof-of-knowledge/
- **Phying News:** https://phying.com/item/1779