SQL Server Local Authorization Bypass MSF Modules

With only the Public role, native SQL Server functions can enumerate AD users, groups, and computers; NetSPI ships PowerShell and Metasploit modules automating this via direct connections or SQLi.

SQL Server stores credential passwords reversibly encrypted in master.sys.sysobjvalues, so sysadmin attackers can decrypt them. NetSPI updates its PowerShell script for post-exploitation recovery.

This lab walkthrough shows how the IMPERSONATE privilege lets low-privileged SQL Server logins escalate to sysadmin through EXECUTE AS configurations, automated with Metasploit and PowerShell.

When databases are marked TRUSTWORTHY but ownership stays privileged, web app database users can escalate to sysadmin; the walkthrough includes PowerShell, Metasploit, and SQL injection automation.

Explains triggering SMB relay attacks through SQL Server functions like xp_dirtree, then using new Metasploit modules to capture, crack, or relay hashes; SMB signing is the main defense.

Shares slides, Metasploit modules, and videos from the OWASP AppSec 2012 talk on abusing SQL Server trust relationships, misconfigurations, and weak defaults to reach high-value systems and data.